Therapeutic Uses Of Vitamin C

Therapeutic Uses Of Vitamin C

Basics You Need to Know About Vitamin E

Medically Reviewed by Madeline Hubbard, RN, BSN

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Vitamin E is a compound that plays many important roles in your body and provides multiple health benefits. In order to maintain healthy levels of vitamin E, you need to ingest it through food or consume it as an oral supplement. Read on to find out which foods are recommended sources of this essential nutrient, along with other basics to know about vitamin E.

What Does Vitamin E Do?

Vitamin E is classified as an antioxidant. This means that vitamin E helps to destroy harmful compounds called free radicals that can build up in your body. Free radicals cause damage to cells through oxidative stress, and they've been linked to aging and health problems such as cancer and heart disease. Getting enough vitamin E on a daily basis may help to combat these conditions by protecting the outer membranes of your cells from free radical damage.

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Vitamin E also plays an important role in your immune system and your body's ability to fight infection. At certain doses, vitamin E has been shown to stimulate the function of T cells — a type of cell that responds to pathogens that cause disease. Recent studies have shown that increasing your vitamin E intake may correlate with a stronger immune response and greater resistance to infection.

Vitamin E is present in the following whole foods:

• Wheat germ
• Almonds
• Plant oils (vegetable, sunflower, grapeseed, etc.)
• Sunflower seeds
• Peanut butter
• Spinach
• Broccoli
• Kiwi
• Mango

Daily Dosage Recommendations

As people age, their daily dosage recommendation for vitamin E increases. For these standard recommended daily doses, a healthy balanced diet is usually sufficient for getting the required amount of vitamin E:

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• Birth to 6 months: 4 milligrams (mg)/day
• 1 to 12 months: 5 mg/day
• 1 to 3 years: 6mg/day
• 4 to 8 years: 7mg/day
• 9 to 13 years: 11mg/day
• 14+ years, including adults and seniors: 15mg/day

A person's age, gender and health conditions can help determine their recommended daily dose of vitamin E. Always consult a healthcare professional before altering your intake of vitamin E from the recommended daily dosage.

Taking Vitamin E Supplements

If it becomes necessary, such as if you become deficient in vitamin E, your doctor may advise you to start taking vitamin E supplements. Vitamin E supplements may come with some minor side effects if you take more than the recommended daily amount or if you combine these supplements with certain medications.

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For example, vitamin E may increase the risk of bleeding if you take it with anticoagulants (also called blood thinners) like warfarin. Other medications, like chemotherapy drugs and cholesterol-lowering drugs, have potential harmful interactions when combined with vitamin E supplements. Talk to a healthcare professional before introducing daily vitamin E supplements, and be sure to discuss current medications you're taking.

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Therapeutic Uses Of Vitamin C

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Can Excess Vitamin C Cause Hair Loss

Can Excess Vitamin C Cause Hair Loss

• Amount of Vitamin C
  • What is the recommended dose of vitamin C?
• Vitamin C Deficiency Symptoms
  • What are the symptoms of vitamin C deficiency?
• Center
  • What Happens If You Take Too Much Vitamin C? Center

Although exceeding the recommended amount of vitamin C is unlikely to be life-threatening, these are the potential side effects of taking too much vitamin C.

Taking more than the recommended amount of vitamin C, which is more than 2,000 milligrams per day, results in side effects such as:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain and cramps
• Heartburn
• Insomnia (sleeping disorder)
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Kidney stones
• Hair loss
• Irritability
• Epistaxis (bleeding through the nose)
• Menstrual abnormalities
• Weight loss
• Altered mental status
• Seizures
• Muscle pain and weakness
• Bone fractures
• Drying of the mucus membranes
• Bleeding per rectum

Vitamin C is also called ascorbic acid, which is one of the essential water-soluble vitamins for the body that is naturally available in all vegetables and fruits. It is an antioxidant that is believed to prevent you from getting sick because it boosts immunity, maintains normal blood pressure, prevents inflammation and increases collagen content in the skin.

Although excess intake of vitamin C may not be life-threatening, it can cause several side effects. Because vitamin C is water-soluble, the body can easily expel it through urine and feces, and serious adverse effects of vitamin C toxicity are rare.

What is the recommended dose of vitamin C?

According to the National Institutes of Health, the recommended daily intake (RDI) of vitamin C with regard to sex and physical condition of a person is described below.

Table 1. RDA of vitamin C for healthy adults and children (in mg)

Age group	RDA
0 to 6 months*	40
7 to 12 months*	50
1 to 3 years	15
4 to 8 years	25
9 to 13 years	45
14 to 18 years (males)	75
14 to 18 years (females)	65
19 years and older (males)	90
19 years and older (females)	75
*Vitamin C requirements of infants should be met through the diet.

Table 2. RDA of vitamin C in special situations

Pregnant teens and adolescents (14 to 18 years old)	80 mg
Pregnant women (19 years old and older)	85 mg
Lactating or breastfeeding teens and adolescents (14 to 18 years old)	115 mg
Lactating or breastfeeding women (19 years old and older)	120 mg
Smokers	Additional 35 mg beyond the RDA as smoking depletes vitamin C levels in the body

Vitamin C is responsible for the absorption of dietary iron, so people with increased iron stores in the body (hemochromatosis) must reduce their intake of vitamin C. Usually, the body absorbs less than 50 percent of the ingested vitamin C, so there are fewer chances of overdosing on the vitamin. However, an overdose of vitamin C in people with hemochromatosis may lead to life-threatening tissue damage.

Since they may interact unfavorably with medicines used to treat cancer and heart diseases, a doctor's approval is required before taking any vitamin C supplements. Additionally, the development of kidney stones has been linked to vitamin C supplementation.

QUESTION

Next to red peppers, you can get the most vitamin C from ________________. See Answer

What are the symptoms of vitamin C deficiency?

Whenever there is a vitamin C deficiency, health professionals recommend supplements to rectify the deficiency and allow normal functioning of the body.

Symptoms of vitamin C deficiency include:

• Gum bleeding and tooth loss
• Weight gain without any obvious cause
• Swollen and painful joints
• Weak bones
• Slow healing of wounds
• Rough and bumpy skin
• Corkscrew-shaped body hair
• Bright red hair follicles
• Spoon-shaped fingernails (may have red spots or lines on them)
• Dry and damaged skin
• Bruises (easily formed)
• Anemia (due to chronic iron deficiency)
• Tiredness and low mood
• Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation
• Stone formation in the kidneys

Consumption of too many vitamin C supplements might have serious side effects. However, consumption of excess vitamin C–rich food does not develop negative effects. If a person wants to initiate vitamin supplements and has a history of adverse reactions due to vitamin C, they must consult their physician.

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Medically Reviewed on 9/10/2021

References

Vitamin C: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-Consumer/

Does Getting More Vitamin C Really Keep You From Getting Sick?: https://www.houstonmethodist.org/blog/articles/2020/apr/does-getting-more-vitamin-c-really-keep-you-from-getting-sick/

Vitamin C: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=19&contentid=vitaminc

Can Excess Vitamin C Cause Hair Loss

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How Much Vitamin C Per Day For Pregnancy

How Much Vitamin C Per Day For Pregnancy

Vitamin A Facts: Everything You Need to Know

Medically Reviewed by Dr Samantha Miller, MBChB

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Vitamin A should be an integral part of every person's diet. It plays vital roles in your body by helping to maintain your vision, skin health and even your immune system's ability to work properly. But it's important to consume the right amount; vitamin A can be harmful when your body gets too much of it. Learn more about vitamin A, including what it does, where to find it and what happens when you get too much of it.

What Does Vitamin A Do?

Vitamin A is actually a group of fat-soluble vitamins like retinol, retinal and retinyl esters, all of which have various health benefits. Vitamin A is particularly important in the maintenance of vision — especially your ability to see in low light. Your body converts this vitamin to retinal, which combines with other molecules to form rhodopsin. This is the protein principally responsible for your eyes' absorption of light. If you're worried about your vision getting worse over time, make sure you get enough vitamin A. It's a good way to strengthen your sight naturally.

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Consuming sufficient amounts of vitamin A can also work wonders for your immune system. Vitamin A promotes the production of white blood cells, particularly T cells, which eliminate viruses and bacteria from your body. Vitamin A also stimulates the production of special T cells called regulatory T cells. These help to reduce the risk of your body attacking its own healthy cells, which is what happens with some autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, vitamin A fortifies the linings of your respiratory, intestinal and urinary tracts, along with your skin and mucous membranes. It also sends additional immune cells there to prevent bacteria from entering your body and causing an infection.

Vitamin A is also involved in the maintenance of healthy skin by helping immature skin cells age properly into mature skin cells. It reduces sebum production, which can be problematic in oily skin. In fact, Isotretinoin is a common prescription-only vitamin A derivative used as a treatment for acne.

Vitamin A can also contribute to improved bone growth, cell division and cell differentiation. It even promotes reproduction and is a healthy supplement for people who are breastfeeding.

Food Sources of Vitamin A

Vitamin A is quite easy to come by naturally. Many of the most basic staples in our diets — meat, eggs, milk and cheese, for example — are excellent sources of vitamin A. Other specific animal sources have high vitamin A levels as well, such as kidney and liver. However, it's important to note that some of these foods have high cholesterol and saturated fat levels, so be sure to keep a healthy balance of these in your diet if you choose to eat them.

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Vitamin A exists as either preformed vitamin A or as provitamin A carotenoids. Preformed vitamin A is found in animal and dairy sources. Provitamin A carotenoids include beta-carotene and alpha-carotene, which your body converts into vitamin A and other derivatives. Beta-carotene is found in foods like carrots, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, cantaloupes, grapefruits, spinach, broccoli and apricots. As a general rule, the more vibrant the color of a fruit or vegetable is, the more beta-carotene it contains. As a bonus, you won't have to worry about the fat or cholesterol content in these foods.

Side Effects of Too Much Vitamin A

Getting the right amount of vitamin A in your diet shouldn't have any negative side effects. However, a vitamin A deficiency can lead to health issues over time. If you don't get enough vitamin A, you could develop vision problems. Plus, your immune system could weaken, leaving you susceptible to infectious diseases.

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Perhaps even more serious are the side effects of consuming too much vitamin A, also known as hypervitaminosis A. Initially, too much vitamin A can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea and even vomiting. Because vitamin A is fat-soluble, it tends to get stored in your liver if you consume too much of it, which can lead to liver problems and even liver failure. There's also evidence that getting excess vitamin A can cause osteoporosis and bone fractures.

In particular, pregnant people must be careful about their intake of vitamin A, as getting too much vitamin A can cause birth defects. Pregnant people shouldn't eat foods that are high in vitamin A, such as pate and fish liver oil. In general, babies and small children are more sensitive to vitamin A overdoses and deficiencies, so it's important to closely monitor their daily vitamin A consumption, too.

Taking Vitamin A: Daily Dosage Recommendations

According to the Institute of Medicine Food and Nutrition Board, most adult men should consume around 900 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin A per day, and women should have around 700mcg per day. The recommended daily intake is lower (750–770mcg per day) in pregnant people and higher (1200–1300mcg per day) for people who are breastfeeding.

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The daily dosage for children varies with age. From 0 to 6 months, infants should have 400mcg per day, after which they should consume 500mcg per day until they reach the age of 1. Children 1 to 3 years of age should get 300mcg per day, while those from 4 to 8 years of age need 400mcg per day. Those from 9 to 13 years old need 600mcg each day. Daily recommendations for children don't change based on gender.

These dosage requirements are general guidelines. Individuals may have differing daily recommendations for vitamin A, depending on their health status and lifestyle. Most people can get a sufficient amount of vitamin A simply by eating a balanced diet. Consult a doctor before taking any vitamin A supplements or changing from the recommended dosage for your age and sex.

In summary, it's important to be aware of the foods that'll give you an adequate supply of vitamin A. Provided you have a balanced diet, you might not need to take vitamin A supplements. Be aware of foods containing high levels of vitamin A, and avoid eating too much of these, particularly during pregnancy.

Resource Links:

https://medlineplus.gov/vitamina.html

https://bnf.nice.org.uk/treatment-summary/vitamins.html

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitamins-and-minerals/vitamin-a/

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-Consumer/

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6470929/pdf/nutrients-11-00681.pdf

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Does Vitamin C Exfoliate

Does Vitamin C Exfoliate

[Product Question] Does Vitamin C have the same exfoliant abilities as AHA?

I read that the L-AA form of Vitamin C has a low enough pH that it is also considered an exfoliant in its own right.

My question is does L-AA as an exfoliant act in the same or similar manner as an AHA exfoliant? If not, how do they differ in their mechanisms of action?

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level 1

I've also heard and read the L-AA is the only form of Vitamin C that exfoliates skin. I don't know what the mechanism is, but I've definitely read this several times.

level 2

yes, this is what I read as well.

level 1

Nope, vitamin C is an antioxidant and AHA is an exfoliant. Being an acid doesn't make an ingredient an exfoliant.

level 2

· 6y

UK rosacean| sunscreen phobic| pseudoscientist

Lots of ingredients have multiple properties, it is not as simple as pigeonholing. If a product is more acidic than skin pH it will exfoliate to a greater or lesser extent. I have overexfoliated with L-AA.

level 1

· 6y

Dry | Sensitive | Tretinoin

No. If you use a very large amount (like a dropper full) twice a day at a high percentage, yes, you'll notice exfoliation- but that's way too much L-AA and undesirable.

It doesn't need to exfoliate for it to be effective.

level 1

· 6y

UK rosacean| sunscreen phobic| pseudoscientist

Any true acid can exfoliate if the finished product is a low pH, ie. it is not buffered. L-ascorbic acid doesn't have all the same properties as AHAs tho and vice versa. I couldn't tell you the specific mechanism of action, but not really sure why you would need that anyway.

Does Vitamin C Exfoliate

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How Much Vitamin C In Red Bell Pepper

How Much Vitamin C In Red Bell Pepper

9 Foods With More Vitamin C Than an Orange

When you think of vitamin C, your mind immediately goes to oranges, but these other delicious fruits and vegetables pack in way more of the healthy vitamin that can help keep you sniffle-free this cold and flu season

Kateryna Ovcharenko/Shutterstock

Strawberries

Compared to 70 mg of vitamin C in an orange, a large sweet red berry contains 10.5 mg. Have a snack of at least seven strawberries and you'll get more vitamin C than if you were to have one orange. Strawberry nutrition also packs a large dose of magnesium and folate, which help to stabilize your blood sugar and keep your heart healthy. These are the signs of vitamin C deficiency you should be aware of.

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Broccoli

100 grams of raw broccoli contains 89 mg of vitamin C. That's almost the recommended 90 mg per day. This cruciferous vegetable also contains a healthy dose of vitamin K, which promotes bone health and proper blood clotting. Broccoli is just one of many foods that are way healthier than you might realize.

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Bell peppers

Red, green, and yellow bell peppers contain nearly triple the vitamin C of an orange, clocking in at 95.7 mg for a green pepper, 152 mg for a red pepper, and a staggering 341 mg for a yellow pepper. Peppers are also a great source of fiber and a very low-calorie snack. Check out some more foods high in vitamin C that are also natural fat burners.

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Kiwi

One serving of this little green gem (about two kiwis) boasts 168.8 mg of vitamin C. This superfruit is also rich in copper, potassium, and serotonin, the feel-good hormone that helps improve sleep quality.

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Brussels sprouts

One cup of Brussels sprouts delivers a healthy 96.8 mg of vitamin C. These mini cabbages also are loaded with phytonutrients and fiber that help prevent cancer. If their bitter taste it too much for you, try roasting them to bring out their natural sweetness.

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Kale

One cup of this dark leafy green yields 80.4 mg of vitamin C, not to mention twice the daily recommended value of vitamin A and seven times the recommended value of vitamin K. Kale also boasts high doses of minerals and fatty acids.

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Pineapple

In addition to its 78.9 mg of vitamin C per cup, this juicy tropical fruit contains bromelain, which aids digestion and reduces bloating. Pineapple can also act as a natural anti-inflammatory, reducing swelling after a workout or injury.

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Papaya

One cup of papaya contains 86.5 mg of vitamin C and is known to help strengthen bones, reduce inflammation, brighten skin, and clear your sinuses.

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Cauliflower

Cauliflower is not only chock-full of fiber, but one small head also contains 123 mg of vitamin C. Steam, mash, or roast this superfood for a healthy and delicious meal.

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How Much Vitamin C In Red Bell Pepper

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Dri Vitamin C

Dri Vitamin C

Researchers in the United Kingdom say a study on eyesight shows diet and environmental factors are more important than genetics in lowering risk of cataracts.

Eating an apple a day may keep the doctor away, but eating oranges might do the same for cataracts.

In a study published today in the journal Ophthalmology, researchers in the United Kingdom said a higher dietary intake of vitamin C might significantly reduce the risk of developing cataracts.

The study, led by scientists at King's College London, is the first to conclude that dietary and environmental factors play a larger role than genetics in the development of cataracts.

"The findings of this study could have significant impact, particularly for the aging population globally by suggesting that simple dietary changes such as increased intake of fruits and vegetables as part of a healthier diet could help protect them from cataracts," Dr. Chris Hammond, professor of ophthalmology at King's College, consultant eye surgeon and lead author of the study, said in a statement.

Read More: What Is a Cataract? »

The researchers estimated genetic factors account for 35 percent of the difference in cataract progression. Environment and lifestyle account for 65 percent.

To study the impact diet has on cataracts, the researchers tracked the progression of the eye condition in 324 pairs of female twins from the United Kingdom.

The scientists examined digital images of the women's eye lenses when they were about 60 years old. They then studied the same type of images 10 years later.

They kept track of the women's intake of vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. They also tracked their intake of copper, manganese, and zinc using a food questionnaire.

The researchers said the women who ingested more vitamin C initially had a 20 percent reduced risk of developing cataracts. After 10 years, that risk had decreased by 33 percent.

The researchers noted that there was little risk reduction in the women who took vitamin supplements. Instead the preventative effects appeared to be obtained only by eating foods rich in vitamin C.

Dr. Ravi D. Goel, an ophthalmologist from New Jersey who is also a clinical instructor at Wills Eye Hospital in Pennsylvania, said the study provides helpful information for patients and doctors.

"These are novel findings for patients going forward," Goel, a spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology, told Healthline. "This is a helpful tool for patient education."

Read More: Americans Spend Billions on Vitamins and Supplements That Don't Work »

Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy due to oxidation over a long period of time.

The researchers said the fluids that bathe the eye are rich in vitamin C, which helps stop the lens from oxidizing.

The dietary intake of vitamin C helps prevent cataracts by increasing the amount of this vitamin in the eye fluid.

The researchers added that smoking and diabetes also are risk factors for certain kinds of cataracts, so a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle are important.

"Healthy diets are always an advantage for patients," added Goel.

Goel also said vitamin C has already been shown to help slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration.

This latest information on cataracts adds to vitamin C's attributes. "It helps overall eye health," he said.

The researchers did note that their observational study has its limitations as it only involved women who were aged 60 years and older.

However, the researchers believe the information could also be relevant for male patients.

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness in the world, affecting about 20 million people, according to statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO). Cataracts also affect 24 million Americans over the age of 40.

The condition can cause blurry vision, glare, poor night vision, and sensitivity to light.

Initially, better lighting and glasses may help ease some of the symptoms, but as cataracts progress surgery is sometimes needed.

Read More: Diabetes and Blurry Vision: What You Need to Know »

Dri Vitamin C

Source: https://www.healthline.com/health-news/vitamin-c-may-reduce-risk-of-cataracts

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Whats Vitamin C

Whats Vitamin C

The Benefits of Vitamin B Supplements

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Vitamin B is a crucial resource in your body, yet many people don't consume enough vitamin B with diet alone. Vitamin B vitamins are necessary for both men and women, especially older adults and those with certain medical conditions. Because vitamin B comes in many forms, it can be confusing to figure out exactly how to take for the most health benefits.

Types of Vitamin B Supplements

Vitamin B complex is a supplement that contains a combination of essential B vitamins so you don't have to take multiple pills each day. Some of the most effective vitamin brands include other vitamins as well, such as biotin, zinc, vitamin C and vitamin E. If you only want to take certain B vitamins, look for individual B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 and B12 supplements. If you're pregnant or obese, you need more of these vitamins, but it's good to check with your doctor for specific requirements.

Kidney Health

B Complex is one of the best vitamins for kidney health because each vitamin it contains has an important job. Vitamins B6, B12 and folic acid help prevent anemia, and the other B vitamins, such as riboflavin, thiamine and niacin, turn the food you eat into energy. If you have kidney disease, your vitamin requirements are different than someone who doesn't have it. Vitamin B6 works to make protein and red blood cells, vitamin B12 makes red blood cells and folate maintains nerve cells and assists in making new cells.

Anxiety and Depression

Vitamin B complex vitamins help with depression and anxiety. It's believed that when you're not getting enough B vitamins in your diet, it causes an imbalance in the brain neurotransmitters that create a signal to your brain, leading to depression. Vitamins B3 and B6 added with some folic acid can help improve your mood and reduce anxiety. You can visit your local natural vitamin shop to see what they have, but if you have questions, you should speak to a physician first or do some research to make sure you're taking the right supplements.

Other Conditions

Trials using vitamins B2, B9 and B12 have shown to benefit conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The reason these B vitamins are the best vitamins for arthritis is because they help reduce inflammation and improve joint mobility. Vitamin B12 is one of the best vitamins for fibromyalgia because low levels of the vitamin in your body can increase symptoms, making your pain and discomfort worse and causing muscle weakness, pins and needles, and unexplained aches and pains. B vitamins are some of the best vitamins to help tinnitus, or ringing in the ear. Many patients who have chronic ringing in their ears are deficient in B12. B vitamins are also the best vitamins for older men and heart health.

What to Buy

What to buy depends on what your body needs. It's helpful to determine your vitamin requirements based on age and sex before increasing your vitamin intake with your diet. Take time to learn about the top 10 vitamin brands and search vitamin company ratings to find something that works best for you. Vitamin E is good as an antioxidant, which protects the cells, so it's another vitamin that is worth considering. Vitamin G is good for improving healing capabilities and reducing inflammation. Vitamin D3 is used for treating and preventing bone disorders by assisting the body in absorbing calcium.

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